Establishes further its proximity to the market and that at least some Chinese scientists suspect the lab, but there is no direct proof beyond proximity. I would add no proof that the public knows of, yet.
Correlation != causation. Also, this would be the DUMBEST weaponized microbe know to mankind. It has a ridiculous incubation time, which means that it will eventually come back on your own people, and in the vast majority of cases, symptoms are either not present or trivial.
LASTLY, we don't yet have the tech to do this. Weaponized germs right now are either existing viruses or engineered bacteria.
There is a scholarly article called
Decoding evolution and transmissions of novel pneumonia coronavirus using the whole genomic data
Copypasta that into even Google and you will find both the document and various analysis. The document itself is mostly over my head, but the common consensus on its observations is pretty consistent that the virus did not in fact originate from an animal in the market, but was brought from outside and circulated there heavily.
Here's Pakistan's take. Most of the rest of the returns are along these lines.
https://defence.pk/pdf/threads/decoding-the-evolution-and-transmissions-of-the-novel-pneumonia-coronavirus-using-whole-genomic-data.655381/The lab specializes in viruses. I suspect not so much a weapon made to kill, but a tool meant to be contained that got loose, which might be ultimately worse. Weapons tend to burn out on their own mortality rate. This might just be a truly novel virus that never traveled through nature, so every system animal, microbial, and human that it infects may well cause mutations. The CDC document in the op cites a neoplasm in the blood and tissues. That means that the substance has never been seen before and such things are usually associated with novel cancers, not viruses. If it came up through nature in the usual way, it's unique in both form and effect.
I don't actually care whether or not it's engineered. I do believe that the evidence is sufficient to have suspicion, not assume otherwise. It won't matter. The data is clear. This thing is entirely new to the party, debilitating, deadly, and prolific far beyond most viruses of its kind. The biome and human civilization will never be the same again.
I know that sounds dramatic, but I would not say it if I had no reason to. The data is clear.